Ovarian Cysts
Ovarian cysts can be benign or malignant. The vast majority are benign. Benign ones can be counted as functional cyst, corpus luteum cyst, chocolate cyst and hemorrhagic cyst.
Follicle cyst: During a woman’s menstrual cycle, an egg cell grows in a sac called a follicle. This sac is located inside the ovaries. In most cases, this follicle or sac opens and releases an egg. However, if the follicle is not broken, the fluid inside the follicle may form a cyst on the ovary.
Corpus Luteum cysts: Follicle sacs typically dissolve after releasing an egg. If the sac does not dissolve, additional fluid may develop within the sac, and this fluid buildup causes a corpus luteum cyst. The corpus luteum cyst is necessary for the continuation of pregnancy in the early stages of pregnancy.
Chocolate cysts: It is a part of the disease that occurs as a result of the development of the endometrium, the inner wall of the uterus, called endometriosis, in different places. Endometrioma can be observed in patients who apply for infertility, but infertility is not seen in every woman with endometrioma.
Dermoid cyst: These are cysts that can contain structures such as hair, oil, nails.
Hemorrhagic cyst: It is formed by the accumulation of blood in the remaining sac after ovulation, and usually resolves spontaneously.
Symptoms
How Is It Diagnosed?
Çok büyük olanlar fizik muayenede saptanabilir. Ultrasonla yerleri, büyüklüğü ve hangi kist olduğu tespit edilebilir. Bazen MR ile doğrulamak gerekir. Bazı kistlerde tümör markırı denilen kandan ölçülen bazı belirteçler artabilir. Doktorunuz tanı ve tedavi takibi için sizden bu testleri isteyebilir.
How is it treated?
Simple cysts usually go away on their own. After 2 periods, the ultrasound is repeated and it is usually seen that it melts. However, the same cannot be said for endometrioma and dermoid. If asymptomatic endometriomas are not very large, they are followed up or medical or surgical treatment is planned according to the patient’s complaint or pregnancy request. Surgery may be required when dermoids are symptomatic.
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